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Section 2.02

Definitions A-B

The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this Ordinance, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Access Management (Access Control): A technique to improve traffic operations along a major roadway and decrease the potential for accidents through the control of driveway locations and design; consideration of the relationship of traffic activity for properties adjacent to, and across from, one another; and the promotion of alternatives to direct access.
Access to Property, Reasonable: A property owner's legal right, incident to property ownership, to access a public road right-of-way. Reasonable access to property may be indirect or certain vehicle turning movements prohibited for improved safety and traffic operations.
Accessory Building, Structure, or Use: A building, structure, or use which is clearly incidental to, customarily found in connection with, devoted exclusively to, subordinate to, and located on the same lot as the principal use to which it is related.
Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU): A smaller secondary home on the same lot as a primary dwelling, having total square footage between 200 and 600. ADUs are independent, habitable, and provide basic requirements of shelter, healing, cooking, water, and sanitary services. There are (2) types of ADUs: Garden or Granny Cottage and Accessory Suite or Mother-in-law apartment.
Accessory Suite/Mother-in-law Apartment: a type of Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU). A smaller secondary home on the same lot as a primary dwelling, having total square footage between 200 and 600. ADUs are independent, habitable, and provide basic requirements of shelter, healing, cooking, water, and sanitary services. Accessory Suites are attached or are part of the primary dwelling (converted living space, apartment over a garage, basement apartment, etc.).
Adequate Lateral Support: The control of soil movement on a site as determined by accepted engineering standards.
Adult Day-Care Facility: A facility other than a private residence, which provides care for more than six (6) adults for less than twenty-four (24) hours a day.
Adult Care Facility, State-Licensed: Any structure constructed for residential purposes that is licensed by the State of Michigan pursuant to Public Act 218 of 1979. These acts provide for the following types of residential structures:
Adult Foster Care Small Group Home: A facility with the approved capacity to receive twelve (12) or fewer adults who are provided supervision, personal care, and protection in addition to room and board, for twenty-four (24) hours a day, five (5) or more days a week, and for two (2) or more consecutive weeks for compensation.
Adult Foster Care Large Group Home: A facility with approved capacity to receive at least thirteen (13) but not more than twenty (20) adults to be provided supervision, personal care, and protection in addition to room and board, for twenty four (24) hours a day, five (5) or more days a week, and for two (2) or more consecutive weeks for compensation
Adult Foster Care Family Home: A private residence with the approved capacity to receive six (6) or fewer adults to be provided with foster care for twenty four (24) hours a day for five (5) or more days a week and for two (2) or more consecutive weeks. The adult foster care family home licensee must be a member of the household and an occupant of the residence.
Congregate Facility: Residence for more than twenty (20) adults.

Adult Entertainment Regulated Uses: See Article 5, Division 3: Special Land Use Specific Requirements.
Alley: Any dedicated public way affording a secondary means of access to abutting property, and not intended for general traffic circulation.
Alteration: Any change, addition or modification in construction or type of occupancy, any change in the structural members of a building, such as walls or partitions, columns, beams or girders, the consummated act of which may be referred to herein as “altered” or “reconstructed.”
Animal, Domesticated: An animal that is commonly considered capable of being trained or is capable of adapting to living in a human environment and being of use to human beings, and which is not likely to bite without provocation, nor cause death, maiming or illness to human beings, including by way of example: bird (caged), fish, turtle, rodent (bred, such as a gerbil, rabbit, hamster or guinea pig), cat (domesticated), lizard (non-poisonous), dog, and chicken. Wild, vicious, or exotic animals shall not be considered domesticated
Animal, Exotic: Any animal of a species not indigenous to the State of Michigan and not a domesticated animal, including any hybrid animal that is part exotic animal.
Animal, Non-Domesticated (Wild): Any living member of the animal kingdom, including those born or raised in captivity, except the following: human beings, domestic dogs (excluding hybrids with wolves, coyotes, or jackals), domestic cats (excluding hybrids with ocelots or margays), farm animals, rodents, any hybrid animal that is part wild, and captive-bred species of common cage birds.
Animal, Vicious: Any animal that attacks, bites, or injures human beings or domesticated animals without adequate provocation, or which because of temperament, conditioning, or training, has a known propensity to attack, bite, or injure human beings or domesticated animals.
Antennae, Reception: See “Reception Antennae.”
Aquifer: A geologic formation, group of formations or part of a formation capable of storing and yielding a significant amount of groundwater to wells or springs.
Arcade, Game or Video: The use of a building or a portion of a building for the location, operation, and placement of five (5) or more mechanical amusement devices. Mechanical amusement devices shall mean any device, apparatus, mechanical equipment or machine operated as amusement for required compensation. The term does not include vending machines used to dispense foodstuffs, toys, or other products for use and consumption.
Architectural Feature, Significant: Any building, structure, or portion thereof, that is sufficiently distinctive or unusual in design or construction as to warrant the preservation and minimal alteration of its original form.
Arterial Street: A street defined in the Master Plan or Village’s Act 51 Plan as ”major traffic routes” and/or as an arterial or major street by the Michigan Department of Transportation where the movement of through traffic is the primary function, with service to adjacent land uses a secondary function.
As-Built Plans: Construction plans in accordance with all approved field changes.
Auto (Automobile): Any motorized vehicle intended to be driven on roads or trails, such as cars, trucks, vans, and motorcycles.
Automobile Gasoline Station: An establishment which includes buildings and premises for the primary purpose of retail sales of gasoline. An automobile gasoline service station may also include an area devoted to sales of automotive items and convenience goods (mini-mart) primarily sold to patrons

purchasing gasoline. An establishment which provides vehicle maintenance or repair is not included within this definition.

Automobile or Vehicle Dealership: A building or premises used primarily for the sale of new and used automobiles and other motor vehicles such as motorcycles, boats, and recreational vehicles. Such a dealership may include outdoor display and accessory indoor maintenance and repair.
Automobile Repair Establishment (Major Repair): An automotive repair establishment which may conduct, in addition to activities defined below as "minor repairs", one (1) or more of the following: general repair, engine rebuilding, rebuilding or reconditioning of motor vehicles, collision service, such as body, frame, or fender straightening and repair; overall painting and undercoating of automobiles, major overhauling of engine requiring removal of cylinder-head or crank case pan, recapping or retreading of tires, steam cleaning and similar activities.
Automobile Service Establishments (Routine Maintenance and Minor Repair): A building or premises used primarily to provide general maintenance on automobiles such as oil changes and lubrication; servicing and repair of spark plugs, batteries, pumps, belts, hoses, air filters, windshield wipers and distributors; replacement of mufflers and exhaust systems, brakes and shock absorbers; radiator cleaning and flushing; sale and installation of automobile accessories such as tires, radios and air conditioners; wheel alignment, balancing and undercoating; but excluding tire recapping or grooving or any major mechanical repairs, collision work, or painting. An automobile maintenance/service establishment may also sell gasoline but is distinct from an automobile gasoline station.
Automobile Wash: Any building or structure or portion thereof containing facilities for washing motor vehicles using production line methods with a conveyor, blower, steam cleaning device or other mechanical washing devices; and shall also include coin and attendant operated drive-through, automatic self-serve, track mounted units and similar high volume washing establishments, but shall not include hand washing operation.
Base Flood: A flood event having a one percent (1%) chance of being equaled or exceeded in any one (1) given year.
Basement: The portion of a building which is partly or wholly below grade but so located that the vertical distance from the average grade to the floor is greater than the vertical distance from the average grade to the ceiling. A basement shall not be counted as a story.
Bed and Breakfast Inn: Any dwelling in which overnight accommodations are provided or offered for transient guests for compensation. A bed and breakfast is distinguished from a motel in that a bed and breakfast establishment shall have only one (1) set of kitchen facilities and be architecturally consistent with surrounding homes.
Berm: A mound of earth graded, shaped and improved with landscaping in such a fashion as to be used for visual and/or audible screening purposes.

Block: The property abutting one (1) side of a street and lying between the two (2) nearest intersecting streets, or between the nearest such street and railroad right-of-way, unsubdivided acreage, lake, river or live stream; or between any of the foregoing and any other barrier to the continuity of development.
Brewpub: A restaurant or drinking establishment which includes the brewing of beer as an accessory use.
Buffer Zone: A strip of land often required between certain zoning districts reserved for plant material, berms, walls, or fencing singularly or in combination to serve as a visual and noise barrier.
Building: Any structure, either temporary or permanent, having a roof and walls, and intended for the shelter or enclosure of persons, animals, chattels or property of any kind. A building shall include tents, mobile homes, manufactured housing, storage sheds, garages, greenhouses, pole barns, semi-trailers, vehicles situated on a parcel and used for the purposes of a building and similar structures. A building shall not include such structures as signs, fences, smokestacks, canopies, or overhangs but shall include structures such as storage tanks, produce silos, coal bunkers, oil cracking towers, or similar structures.
Building Coverage: The percentage of the lot area that is covered by building area, which includes the total horizontal area when viewed in plan.
Building Official: An individual or company appointed by the Village Commission delegated to administer the Village Building Code and Village Zoning Ordinance.
Building Department: The Department charged with enforcing this Ordinance. The term "Building Department" shall also include "Planner", “Planning Consultant”, “Engineer”, “Engineering Consultant”, "Building Administrator" “Building Official”, “Building Inspector”, "Zoning Administrator” or "Community Development Director.”
Building Envelope: The ground area of a lot which is defined by the minimum setback and spacing requirements within which construction of a principal building and any attached accessory structures (such as a garage) is permitted by this Ordinance. For condominium developments, the building envelope shall be illustrated on a site plan.
Building Height: The vertical distance measured from the finished grade to the highest point of the roof surface for flat roofs; to the deck line of mansard roofs; and to the average height between eaves and ridge for gable, hip and gambrel roofs. Where a building is located on sloping terrain, the height shall be measured from the average grade.
Building Line: A horizontal line generally parallel to a front, rear, or side lot line which is located at the point of the foundation of a principal building nearest to the front, rear, or side lot line.
Building Permit: An authorization issued by the Building Official to move, erect or alter a structure within the Village.
Building, Principal: A building in which is conducted the principal uses of the lot on which such building is located.
Business Service Establishment: A business which provides business type services to patrons including but not

limited to copy centers, postal centers, data centers and computer repair establishments.

A pair of building cross‑section diagrams showing a house and its lower level with a ground/grade line (dashed), three vertical dimension arrows labeled A, B and C (A = height from the lower‑level ceiling to grade, B = depth from grade to lower‑level floor, C = full height of the lower level). The left figure is annotated “A is less than B / C is a basement,” and the right “A is greater than B / C is a story,” illustrating the regulatory test for whether the lower level is counted as a basement or a story.